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. 2023 May 2;13(9):1525.
doi: 10.3390/ani13091525.

Influence of Seasonality and Culture Stage of Farmed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with Monogenean Parasitic Infection

Elisabeth de Aguiar Bertaglia  1 , William Eduardo Furtado  2 , Ângela Teresa Silva E Souza  3 , Manoela Clemente Fernandes  1 , Scheila Anelise Pereira  1 , Elenice Martins Brasil  1 , José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño  1 , Gabriela Tomas Jerônimo  1 , Maurício Laterça Martins  1
Affiliations

Influence of Seasonality and Culture Stage of Farmed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with Monogenean Parasitic Infection

Elisabeth de Aguiar Bertaglia et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to observe how abiotic and biotic factors in a tropical region influence the rate of monogenean parasitism in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) that are farmed in net cages. A total of 240 sexually reversed fish were analyzed, and 20 from each culture stage were collected during each sampling month. Overall, 60 fish were sampled in April (autumn), 60 in August (winter), 60 in November (spring), and 60 in February (summer). Fish were collected from a commercial fish farm located in Capivara Reservoir in the lower Paranapanema River region of Paraná, Brazil. In total, 3290 monogenean parasites were collected from fish gills of the following species: Cichlidogyrushalli, C. thurstonae, Scutogyruslongicornis, C. cirratus, C. sclerosus, and C. tilapiae. Higher parasitological indices were observed in colder seasons with lower precipitation. Autumn had the highest parasitic infection values compared to the other seasons. The occurrence of monogenean parasites showed a negative correlation with season, in contrast to the culture stage, in which there was a positive correlation. These results may provide a means for establishing adequate fish farm management to predict periods of high monogenean infestation.

Keywords: abiotic factors; aquaculture; ectoparasites; infection dynamics; net cages; season.

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Conflict of interest statement

We would like to declare that we know of no competing financial interests or personal relationships that may have influenced the work reported in this paper. All authors declare their consent to participate in all stages of this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Monogenean specimens identified through the visualization of the male copulatory complex (a) and haptor structures (b). (1) Cichlidogyrus halli; (2) C. thurstonae; (3) Scutogyrus longicornis; (4) C. cirratus; (5) C. sclerosus; (6) C. tilapiae.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Spearman’s correlation showing the abiotic factors that were related to the total number of Monogenea observed (blue: positive correlation, red: negative correlation). Squares containing (x) indicate that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using a correlation of matrix where the different symbols show the species of Monogenea in relation to abiotic factors (Dissolved Oxygen-DO, Temperature, pH, Nitrite, Ammonia, Alkalinity, and Total rainfall), season, total Monogenea and culture stage. □ Aqua Square shows C. cirratus; ○ Black Circle shows C. halli; ● Aqua Dot shows C. sclerosus; ● Black Dot shows C. thurstonae; ○ Aqua Circle shows C. tilapiae; ⁕ Black Star shows S. longicornis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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