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. 2010 Dec;16(12):1844-52.
doi: 10.3201/eid1612.101089.

Reassortant group A rotavirus from straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum)

Mathew D Esona  1 , Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Christina Conrardy, Suxiang Tong, Ivan V Kuzmin, Bernard Agwanda, Robert F Breiman, Krisztian Banyai, Michael Niezgoda, Charles E Rupprecht, Jon R Gentsch, Michael D Bowen
Affiliations

Reassortant group A rotavirus from straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum)

Mathew D Esona et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Dec.

Abstract

Bats are known reservoirs of viral zoonoses. We report genetic characterization of a bat rotavirus (Bat/KE4852/07) detected in the feces of a straw-colored fruit bat (Eidolon helvum). Six bat rotavirus genes (viral protein [VP] 2, VP6, VP7, nonstructural protein [NSP] 2, NSP3, and NSP5) shared ancestry with other mammalian rotaviruses but were distantly related. The VP4 gene was nearly identical to that of human P[6] rotavirus strains, and the NSP4 gene was closely related to those of previously described mammalian rotaviruses, including human strains. Analysis of partial sequence of the VP1 gene indicated that it was distinct from cognate genes of other rotaviruses. No sequences were obtained for the VP3 and NSP1 genes of the bat rotavirus. This rotavirus was designated G25-P[6]-I15-R8(provisional)-C8-Mx-Ax-N8-T11-E2-H10. Results suggest that several reassortment events have occurred between human, animal, and bat rotaviruses. Several additional rotavirus strains were detected in bats.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Percentage nucleotide and deduced amino acid homologies of A) viral protein 7 (VP7), B) VP4, C) VP6, D) VP1, E) VP2, F) nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2), G) NSP3, H) NSP4, and I) NSP5 gene segments of bat rotavirus strain Bat/KE4852/07 from Kenya compared with respective genes deposited in GenBank. Vertical lines indicate nucleotide percentage identity cutoff values defining genotypes for 11 rotavirus gene segments (7,10). Blue diamonds indicate coordinates for each pairwise comparison when percentage nucleotide identity is plotted against percentage amino acid identity. GenBank accession numbers used in this comparison are listed in the Technical Appendix.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Alignment of viral protein 1 (VP1) amino acid sequence of bat rotavirus strain KE4852/07 from Kenya with cognate VP1 sequence of reference rotavirus A strain S2. The consensus line shows conserved amino acid residues and similar residues (indicated by +). The motif F region (27) is shaded.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Phylograms indicating genetic relationships of partial or complete nucleotide sequences of A) viral protein 1 (VP1) partial, B) VP2, C) VP4 partial, D) VP6, and E) VP7 of bat rotavirus strain Bat/KE4852/07 (boldface) from Kenya with representatives of known human and animal rotavirus genotypes. Posterior probability values are indicated at each branch node. Scale bars indicate nucleotide substitutions per site. GenBank accession numbers of all strains used are listed in the Technical Appendix. Genotypes of each gene segment characterized in this study are listed to the right of each tree. Hu, human; Po, porcine; Si, simian; Ov, ovine; Lp, lapine; Bo, bovine; Av, avian; Eq, equine.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Phylograms indicating genetic relationships of partial or complete nucleotide sequences of A) nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2), B) NSP3, C) NSP4, and D) NSP5 of bat rotavirus strain Bat/KE4852/07 (boldface) from Kenya with representatives of known human and animal rotavirus genotypes. Posterior probability values are indicated at each branch node. Scale bars indicate nucleotide substitutions per site. GenBank accession numbers of all strains used are listed in the Technical Appendix. Genotypes of each gene segment characterized in this study are listed to the right of each tree. Si, simian; Hu, human; Ov, ovine; Bo, bovine; Lp, lapine; PO, porcine; Av, avian; Mu, murine.
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